A Study of Disaster Management System with View of Manet Application

In the modern era, Disaster Management has become an important field of study. With the advent of telecommunication system and their possible integration with the existing disaster management system, it is possible to minimize the after effects of disaster. In this paper we present a study of available and possible disaster management system based on wireless mobile telecommunication. In order to use such a system in the actual world security requirements such as availability, accountability, integrity and confidentiality must be ensured by the disaster management system

A study on position estimation algorithm using global positioning system satellites data

33-41An investigation is carried, to study the position estimation algorithm by a receiver using GPS satellites. The RINEX version 2.11 data were used for the analysis as input to test and establish an algorithm. The obtained position from the mathematical algorithm was compared with the reference position. Dilution of Precision (DOP) estimation is also carried out to analyse the geometry of global positioning system (GPS) satellites as observed by the receiver and its effect on position estimation. It is observed that, using a position estimation algorithm that is developed for this study, a good estimate of location is obtained and is found matching with the reference values closely and exhibited better estimates if compared with portable GPS receiver measurements. The results obtained after processing RINEX data shows the difference close up to 6th decimal places or up to centimeter-level for latitude and longitude

A study on position estimation algorithm using global positioning system satellites data

In the present paper a study on position estimation algorithm by a receiver using GPS satellites is carried out at Dehradun.  For the analysis RINEX version 2.11 data is taken as input to study and development of algorithm and mathematical models. The obtained position from mathematical algorithm is compared with the reference position. Dilution of Precision (DOP) estimation is also carried out to analysis the geometry of GPS satellites as observed by receiver and its effect on position estimation. It is observed that using position estimation algorithm which is developed for this study, a good estimate of location is obtained and it is matching with the reference values closely and shows better estimates if compared with portable receiver measurements. After comparing with one particular RINEX data file results, the difference in terms of latitude and longitude it is close up to 6th decimal places or up to centimeter level

BIPLOT ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SUPERIOR GENOTYPES IN A RECOMBINANT INBRED POPULATION OF WHEAT UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS

Physiological traits of wheat genotypes and their trait relation to drought conditions are important to identify the genotype in target environments. Thus, genotype selection should be based on multiple physiological traits in variable environments within the target region. This study was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University during rabi crop seasons 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of wheat genotypes derived from traditional landraces and modern cultivars (C518/2*PBW343) based on various morpho-physiological traits. A total of 175 RILs were selected for this study based on various tolerance indices. The genotype by trait (GT) biplot analysis was applied to data from seven high-yielding RILs grown under irrigated (E1) and rainfed environments (E2). The GGE biplot explained 100% of the total variation for chlorophyll content, grain filling period, peduncle length, water-soluble carbohydrates, grain number, grain yield, and 95.1% for canopy temperature, 94.9% for thousand-grain weight. GT-biplots indicated that the relationships among the studied traits were not consistent across environments, but they facilitated visual genotype comparisons and selection in each environment. RIL 84 and RIL108 were close to the average environment (ideal genotype) for all traits studied except chlorophyll content. A well-performing genotype with great environmental stability is called an "ideal genotype. Among all entries, these genotypes performed well. Therefore, among the traits studied, grain filling period, peduncle length, canopy temperature, water soluble carbohydrates, and 1000 grain weight contributed to grain yield under a stress environment. Furthermore, it may be used as a donor material in breeding programs and QTLs mapping

NMR characterization of the energy landscape of SUMO-1 in the native-state ensemble

Characterizing the low energy excited states in the energy landscape of a protein is one of the exciting and demanding problems in structural biology at the present time. These describe the adaptability of the protein structure to external perturbations. In this context, we used here non-linear dependence of amide proton chemical shifts on temperature to identify residues accessing alternative conformations in SUMO-1 in the native state as well as in the near-native states created by sub-denaturing concentrations of urea. The number of residues accessing alternative conformations increases and the profiles of curved temperature dependence also change with increasing urea concentration. In every case these alternative conformations lie within 2 kcal/mol from the ground state, and are separated from it by low energy barriers. The residues that access alternative conformations span the length of the protein chain but are located at particular regions on the protein structure. These include many of the loops, β2 and β5 strands, and some edges of the helices. We observed that some of the regions of the protein structure that exhibit such fluctuations coincide with the protein's binding surfaces with different substrate like GTPase effector domain (GED) of dynamin, SUMO binding motifs (SBM), E1 (activating enzyme, SAE1/SAE2) and E2 (conjugating enzyme, UBC9) enzymes of sumoylation machinery, reported earlier. We speculate that this would have significant implications for the binding of diversity of targets by SUMO-1 for the variety of functions it is involved in

Effect of stem reserve mobilization on grain filling under drought stress conditions in recombinant inbred population of wheat

Pre-anthesis carbon assimilation of stem reserves is considered as an important source for grain filling during post anthesis drought stresses that inhibit photosynthesis. 175 RILs from cross (C518/2*PBW343) along with check cultivars were evaluated for stem reserve mobilization under irrigated and rainfed conditions. These two cultivars belonging to distinct adaptation mechanism, offer several morpho -physiological and biochemical con-trasts. C 518 is tall and adapted to low input rainfed conditions whereas PBW 343 is semi -dwarf and input re-sponsive. Further C 518 is known for better stem reserves on account of larger peduncle and strong commitment to grain filling due to effective stem reserve mobilization. The parents and the RIL population was tested for stem reserve mobilization by defoliation of flag leaf and second leaf at anthesis under irrigated and rainfed environments. Evaluated entries differed significantly (p<0.001) for reduction in 1000 grain weight under defoliation (TGWL). Percent reduction in 1000 grain weight ranged from 4.4 % to 39.6 % under irrigated environment and 3.2 % to 35.0 under rainfed condition. A significant positive correlation (r = +0.357) between stem reserve mobilization and peduncle length was observed under rainfed condition. Tested RILs vary individually for stem reserve mobilization when subjected to removal of flag leaf and second leaf inhibiting the photosynthesis. The genotypes with better stem reserve mobilization based on 1000 grain weight in the absence of photosynthesis may also provide relative tolerance to drought

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Spinacea oleracea grown in distillery effluent irrigated soil

The aim of the present study was to estimate the accumulation of heavy metals in Spinacea oleracea plant grown in Distillery Effluent (DE) irrigated soil. The results revealed that there was an increase in the metal contents Fe (+2.39%), Zn (+14.27%), Ni (+70.45%), Cd (+34.15%)and Cr (+20.46%) of soil irrigated with DE. In case of S. oleracea grown in the DE irrigated soil, it was observed that there was maximum concentration of Fe (353.24±7.94 mg/kg) and Zn (78.95±7.59 mg/kg) in leaves and that of Cr (54.19±8.39 mg/kg), Cd (7.73±1.41 mg/kg) and Ni (66.47±3.65 mg/kg) in root. The value of Bio-concentration factor (BCF) was found maximum for Cr (2.00) in comparison to other metals in the S. oleracea irrigated with DE. The value of Transfer factor (TF) was found maximum for Zn (TF- 1.51) for the soil irrigated with DE in comparison to soil irrigated with Bore well water (BWW). The DE can be a source of contamination to the soil as some toxic metals may also be transferred to roots and then to leaves in S. oleracea. The practice of continuous irrigation of agricultural land by DE may increase the risk of metal contamination in growing food crops to cause human health risks

Optimized Blockchain Model for Internet of Things based Healthcare Applications

There continues to be a recent push to taking the cryptocurrency based ledger system known as Blockchain and applying its techniques to non-financial applications. One of the main areas for application remains Internet of Things (IoT) as we see many areas of improvement as we move into an age of smart cities. In this paper, we examine an initial look at applying the key aspects of Blockchain to a health application network where patients health data can be used to create alerts important to authenticated healthcare providers in a secure and private manner. This paper also presents the benefits and also practical obstacles of the blockchain-based security approaches in IoT.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1806.00555 by other author

Psychiatric comorbidity in multiple sclerosis

Aim: To study the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in patients of multiple sclerosisand their association to the degree of disability. Method: Psychiatric symptoms were assessed in 90 patients of multiple sclerosis using GHQ-12, MMSE, HADS, Beck Depression Inventory and AUDIT. Neurological disability wasassessed using Expanded Disability Status Scale. Correlations were determined between EDSS scores and psychiatric scale scores. Result: 61% of patients had significant psychological distress. Depression was most common (38.8%) which was followed by anxiety symptoms (27.8%). Cognitive functioning was relatively intact in patients with mild to moderate neurological disability. Alcohol abusewas mostly restricted to male gender. Conclusion: Psychiatric illness is highly prevalent in patients of multiple sclerosis leading to poor quality of life and significant distress. Psychiatric disability was higher in patients who had greater deterioration in neurological function. All cases of MS should be assessed for psychiatric morbidities as can be alleviated by appropriate intervention